Please Stop Believing
These 8 Harmful Bipolar Disorder Myths
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What do successful people like musician Demi Lovato,
comedian Russell Brand, news anchor Jane Pauley, and actress Catherine
Zeta-Jones have in common? They, like millions of others, are living with bipolar disorder. Although we are learning
more about bipolar disorder, there remain many misconceptions. Here are a few
myths and facts, so you can arm yourself with knowledge and help end the
stigma.
1. Myth: Bipolar disorder is a rare condition.
Fact: Bipolar disorder affects 2 million adults in
the United States alone. One in five Americans has
a mental health condition.
2. Myth: Bipolar disorder is just mood swings, which everybody
has.
Fact: The highs and lows of bipolar disorder are very different
from common mood swings. People with bipolar disorder experience extreme changes in energy, activity, and
sleep that are not typical for them.
The psychiatry research manager at one U.S. university, who
wishes to stay anonymous, writes, “Just because you wake up happy, get grumpy
in the middle of the day, and then end up happy again, it doesn’t mean you have
bipolar disorder — no matter how often it happens to you! Even a diagnosis of
rapid-cycling bipolar disorder requires several days in a row of (hypo)manic
symptoms, not just several hours. Clinicians look for groups of symptoms more
than just emotions.”
3. Myth: There is only one type of bipolar disorder.
Fact: There are four basic types of bipolar disorder, and
the experience is different per individual.
- Bipolar I is
diagnosed when a person has one or more depressive episodes and one or
more manic episodes, sometimes with psychotic features such as hallucinations
or delusions.
- Bipolar II has
depressive episodes as its major feature and at least one
hypomanic episode. Hypomania is a less severe type of mania. A person with
bipolar II disorder may experience either mood-congruent or
mood-incongruent psychotic symptoms. - Cyclothymic disorder (cyclothymia) is defined by numerous periods of hypomanic
symptoms as well numerous periods of depressive symptoms lasting for at
least two years (1 year in children and adolescents) without meeting the
severity requirements for a hypomanic episode and a depressive episode.
- Bipolar disorder otherwise not specified does not follow a particular pattern and is defined by
bipolar disorder symptoms that do not match the three categories listed
above.
4. Myth: Bipolar disorder can be cured through diet and
exercise.
Fact: Bipolar disorder is a lifelong illness and there currently
is no cure. However, it can be well-managed with medication and talk therapy,
by avoiding stress, and maintaining regular patterns of sleeping, eating, and
exercise.
5. Myth: Mania is productive. You’re in a good mood and fun to
be around.
Fact: In some instances, a manic person may feel good at first,
but without treatment things can become detrimental and even terrifying. They
may go on a big shopping spree, spending beyond their means. Some people become
overly anxious or highly irritable, getting upset over small things and
snapping at loved ones. A manic person may lose control of their thoughts and
actions and even lose touch with reality.
6. Myth: Artists with bipolar disorder will lose their
creativity if they get treatment.
Fact: Treatment often allows you to think more clearly, which
will likely improve your work. Pulitzer Prize-nominated author Marya Hornbacher
discovered this firsthand.
“I was very persuaded I would never write again when I was
diagnosed with bipolar disorder. But before, I wrote one book; and now I’m on
my seventh.”
She has found that her work is even better with treatment.
“When I was working on my second book, I was not yet treated for
bipolar disorder, and I wrote about 3,000 pages of the worst book that you have
ever seen in your life. And then, in the middle of writing that book, which I
just somehow couldn’t finish because I kept writing and writing and writing, I
got diagnosed and I got treated. And the book itself, the book that was
ultimately published, I wrote in 10 months or so. Once I got treated for my
bipolar disorder, I was able to channel the creativity effectively and focus.
Nowadays I deal with some symptoms, but by and large I just go about my day,” she
said. “Once you get a handle on it, it’s certainly livable. It’s treatable. You
can work with it. It doesn’t have to define your life.” She discusses her
experience in her book “Madness: A Bipolar Life,” and she is currently
working on a follow-up book about her road to recovery.
7. Myth: People with bipolar disorder are always either manic or
depressed.
Fact: People with bipolar disorder can experience long periods
of even, balanced mood called euthymia. Conversely, they may sometimes
experience what’s referred to as a “mixed episode,” which has features of both
mania and depression at the same time.
8. Myth: All medications for bipolar disorder are the same.
Fact: It might take some trial and error to find the medication
that works for you. “There are several mood stabilizers/antipsychotic
medications available to treat bipolar disorder. Something that works for one
person might not work for another. If someone tries one and it doesn’t work or
has side effects, it’s very important that they communicate this to their
provider. The provider should be there to work as a team with the patient to
find the right fit,” writes the psychiatry research manager.
One in five people is diagnosed with a mental illness, including
bipolar disorder. I, like so many others, have responded extremely well to
treatment. My daily life is normal, and my relationships are stronger than
ever. I haven’t had an episode for several years. My career is strong, and my
marriage to an extremely supportive husband is a solid as a rock.
I urge you to learn about the common signs and symptoms of bipolar disorder,
and talk to your doctor if you meet any of the criteria for diagnosis. If you
or someone you know is in crisis, get help immediately. Call 911 or the
National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 800-273-TALK (8255). It’s time to end
the stigma that prevents people from getting the help that can improve or save
their lives.